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| 512 |
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Usan-guk incorporated into Silla |
| In the 13th year of King Jijeung of Silla’s reign, Yisabu, then governor of Haseula (present-day Gangneung), conquered Usan-guk, thereby incorporating Ulleungdo and Dokdo into Silla’s territory. |
| * Source: “Article on King Jijeung” dated the 6th lunar month in the 13th year of his reign, from “Sillabongi (Records of Silla) 4,” in Samguksagi (History of the Three Kingdoms), vol. 4; “Article on Isabu” from “Yeoljeon (Biographies) 4,” in Samguksagi, vol .44; and section on Jicheol-nowang (King Jijeung) in Samgukyusa (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms), vol. 2. | |
| 1417 |
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Policy of repatriation enacted |
| From the end of Goryeo to the beginning of Joseon, raids made by Japanese marauders, or waegu, were an ongoing problem. In 1417 (17th year of King Taejong’s reign), Joseon enacted its Island Vacating Policy, a repatriation policy under which the Korean government officially prohibited residents from living on Mureungdo (an older name for Ulleungdo) and relocated the existing residents to areas where they would be safe from waegu. |
| * Source: Taejongsillok (Annals of King Taejong), vols. 33, 34. | |
| 1697 |
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Suto system instituted |
| In 1696, Japan’s Tokugawa shogunate confirmed that Ulleungdo and Dokdo were Joseon territory and ordered Japanese fishermen not to cross into the waters around Ulleungdo and Dokdo in order to fish. Immediately thereafter in 1697 (the 23rd year of King Sukjong), Joseon, while continuing to enforce its Island Vacating Policy, instituted the system known as Suto (Government Investigator System). Under this system, a team of government investigators made up of military commanders from the surrounding areas along the shores of the East Sea patrolled the islands every three years to ensure they were safe and secure. |
| * Source: Sukjongsillok (Annals of King Sukjong), vol. 31; Seungjeongwon-illgi (Daily Records of the Royal Secretariat) (13th day of the 4th lunar month in the 23rd year of King Sukjong’s reign); “Ulleungdo” from “Japjo (Mixed Articles),” in Byeollyejibyo, vol. 17. | |
| 1882 |
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Order to Develop Ulleungdo promulgated |
| Once Korea’s ports opened, Japanese trespassing and illegal lumbering on Ulleungdo became a frequent occurrence. In 1882, King Gojong dispatched Yi Gyu-won as an investigator to Ulleungdo to conduct a detailed investigation into the matter. King Gojong also announced the Order to Develop Ulleungdo and appointed an island chief (dojang) to administer Ulleungdo. |
| * Source: Seungjeongwon-illgi (Daily Records of the Royal Secretariat) (7th day of the 4th lunar month and 5th day of the 6th lunar month in the 19th year of King Gojong’s reign); Ilseongnok (Records of Daily Reflections) (7th day of the 4th lunar month and 5th day of the 6th lunar month in the 19th year of King Gojong’s reign); Gojongsillok (Annals of King Gojong), vol.19; Yi Gyu-won, Ulleungdo-geomchal-illgi (Daily Records of Ulleungdo Investigation). | |
| 1895 |
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Suto System Replaced by Dogam System |
| Since 1882, Joseon had continued its efforts to develop Ulleungdo and the number of households and the amount of land cleared for farming had grown. Therefore, the Suto System was abolished in 1895 and replaced by the Dogam System (Island Inspector System) to manage the island’s affairs. |
| * Source: Seungjeongwon-illgi (Daily Records of the Royal Secretariat), (29th day of the 1st lunar month in the 32nd year of King Gojong’s reign; Ilseongnok (Records of Daily Reflections) (29th day of the 1st lunar month in the 32nd year of King Gojong’s reign; Gojongsillok (Annals of King Gojong), vol. 33; Gwanbo (Official Gazette), no. 139 (Aug. 16, 1895), and no.166 (Sep. 20, 1895). | |
| 1900 |
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Great Han Empire’s Imperial Ordinance No. 41: Dokdo placed under the same jurisdiction as Ulleungdo |
| The government of the Great Han Empire, on Oct. 25, 1900, issued Imperial Ordinance No. 41 (Gwanbo, no. 1716) thereby renaming Ulleungdo Uldo, changing the title of dogam to gunsu or “county magistrate” and placing all of UlIeungdo, Jukdo and Dokdo under the jurisdiction of the County Magistrate of Uldo. |
| * Source: Wu Yong-jeong, Uldogi (Records of Uldo); Gojongsillok (Annals of King Gojong), vol. 40; Gwanbo (Official Gazette), no.1716 (Oct. 27, 1900). | |
| 1953 |
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Dokdo guard |
| Ulleungdo residents began to guard Dokdo intermittently in 1953 and were reorganized to form an expanded guard named the Dokdo Voluntary Guards (33 staff) in April of the following year. | |
| 1954 |
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Lighthouse built on Dokdo |
| A lighthouse was built and began operations in August, 1954. The construction of this lighthouse was announced to all nations all around the world. | |
| 1956 |
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Transfer of defense duty to the police |
| The Korean Police (Ulleung Police Station) officially assumed responsibility for defending Dokdo in December, 1956. | |
| 1982 |
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Designation of ‘Natural Monument No.336’ |
| Being the only known nesting place on the East coast for large groups of swinhoe's storm-petrels, streaked shearwaters and black-tailed gulls, Dokdo was named Natural Monument No. 336, ‘Dokdo Seabird Breeding Place’ on Nov. 16, 1982. Later, since the island, formed by volcanic activity, holds significant geological value and is rich with unique plants and rare species of maritime life which are found nowhere else, Dokdo received that status of a special environmental protection area in December 1999. | |
| 1997 |
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Dokdo designated “Special Island” |
| Under the Special Act on the Ecosystem Preservation of Islands including Dokdo Island (Law 5447) enacted on December 13, 1997 and the notice of the Ministry of Environment (2002-126), Dokdo was singled out for “special island” status in an effort to maintain its unique natural environment and rich maritime life. | |
| 2000 |
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Dokdo elevated to an administrative district |
| As Dokdo was elevated to an administrative district on April 7, 2000, the official address of Dokdo changed from San 42~76, Dodong-ri, Ulleung-eup, Ulleung-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do to San 1~37, Dokdo-ri, Ulleung-eup, Ulleung-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do. | |
| 2005 |
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Dokdo address changed again |
| Following the reclassification of lot numbers, land categories and the division of land, the address of Dokdo changed once again, this time to Dokdo-ri 1~96, Ulleung-eup, Ulleung-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do. | |
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